Copy paste Tugas

SIUP, SITU, NPWP, NRP atau TDP. beserta contoh gambar

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<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A. SIUP (Surat Izin Usaha
Perdagangan)</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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SIUP adalah surat izin yg diberikan oleh menteri atau
pejabat yang ditunjuk kepada pengusaha untuk melaksanakam kegiatan usaha di
bidang perdagangan dan jasa. SIUP diberikan kepada para pengusaha, baik
perseorangan, firma, CV, PT, koperasi, BUMN, dsb.<br />
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kewajiban pemilik atau pemegang SIUP antara lain:<br />
1) melapor kepada kepala kantor wilayah departemen perdagangan atau kepala
kantor departemen perdagangan yg menerbitkan SIUP apabila perusahaan tdk
melakukan lagi kegiatan perdagangan atau menutup perusahaan disertai dgn
pengembalian SIUP, dan<br />
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2) melapor kepada kepala kantor wilayah departemen perdagangan setempat
mengenai hal berikut:<br />
a. pembukaan cabang atau perwakilan perusahaan.<br />
b. penghentian kegiatan atau penutupan cabang atau perwakilan perusahaan.<br />
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Formulir SIUP berwarna putih untuk perusahaan kecil, biru untuk perusahaan
menengan, dan kuning untuk perusahaan besar.</div>
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 <img alt="Hasil gambar untuk siup" class="irc_mi iizILrXmdPeE-pQOPx8XEepE" height="398" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCJwO-LbzGiD21kz7pri2UqyF9VUu_PfUJBlWNxW1VBQDofUoI3WxmPmQNR2_k-Dma_HGVM75u8G5uRwgh5hlwLp0SaORSgUU4fVesuCIngGD-jUumCg114vyfgXMBS0JTOkqgUOx0QUs/s1600/b.gif" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="308" /></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B. SITU (surat izin tempat usaha)</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">setiap perusahaan yg ada perlu dan harus mengurus SITU demi
keamanam dan kelancaran usahamya. SITU, dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah kabupaten
atau kotamadya sepanjang ketentuan2 undang2 gangguam(HO/hider ordonnatie)
mewajibkannya.<span style="background: #444444;"><br />
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</span>Berikut prosedur pengurusan SITU.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. pengusaha atau pemohon mengisi
formulir permohonan SITU dgn dilampiri izin tertulis pada tetangga kiri, kanan,
depan dam belakang, dlm bentuk tanda tangan persetujuan dan tdk keberatan dgn
keberadaan dan kegiatan usaha tsb.<span style="background: #444444;"><br />
</span>2. formulir permohonam SITU dimintakan pengesahan atau diketahuph pejabat
kelurahan dan kecbtan untuk memperkuat izin tempat usaha.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.
setelah diketahui oleh lurah dan camat, maka formulir permohonan izin tsb
diurus ke kabupaten/kotamadya untuk memperoleh SITU. setiap setahun sekali SITU
dilakukan heregistrasi (daftar ulamg)<span style="background: #444444;"><br />
</span>4. membayar biaya izin dan leges berdasarkan perda no 17/PD/1976, no
35/PD/1977</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
Sesuai Perda Nomor 15 Tahun 2001</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
Persyaratan permohonan :</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
a. Foto copy Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP) sebanyak 1 (satu) lembar</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
b. Foto copy Bukti Pelunasan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) sebanyak 1
(satu)lembar</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
c. Pas Foto Warna ukuran 3x4 cm sebanyak 1 (satu) lembar</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
d. Akta Pendirian Usaha, bagi Koperasi, CV dan lain-lain yang memerlukan</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
e. undang-Undang Gangguan/Hinder Ordonatie (HO), bagi usaha yang memerlukan</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
f. Surat Keterangan Usaha dari Lurah/Desa</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">       
g. Map biasa</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk situ" class="irc_mi i5QtKtZ_dJzw-pQOPx8XEepE" height="398" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh241IOimRGjQJE2WMtVDP_mhm36afqjxJ9QGlSFf0XBJD2C74QWUUCdakvoLOr1NumMf9M-HUIAh8ngz-NQKd_7lyEcDmXa7lRzvCKrorEc8fFnNvKKV5PGcpgbYwjqW6pv_doGTw5PkU/s640/1.situ.jpg" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="303" /></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C. NPWP (Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak)</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Setiap
pribadi yang berpenghasilan diatas penghasilan tidak kena pajak (PTKP), dan
badan usaha wajib atau harus mendaftarkan diri sebagai wajib pajak pada Kantor
Pelayanan Pajak setempat dan akan diberikan Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak (NPWP).
Terhadap para wajib pajak yang tidak mendaftarkan dirinya sebagai wajib pajak
dan mendaftarkan Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak (NPWP), akan dikenakan sanksi pidana
sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-undang Nomor X Tahun 2000, yaitu sebagai
berikut: "Barang siapa dengan sengaja tidak mendaftarkan dirinya atau
menyalahgunakan atau menggunakan tanpa hak NPWP, sehingga dapat menimbulkan kerugian
pada negara, dipidana dengan pidana penjara selama-lamanya tiga tahun dan atau
denda setinggi-tingginya empat kali jumlah pajak yang terutang atau yang kurang
atau yang tidak dibayar."<span style="background: #444444;"><br />
</span></span><br /><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk npwp" class="irc_mi iizILrXmdPeE-pQOPx8XEepE" height="178" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qRuJJvql60A/T137bO21cvI/AAAAAAAAAhs/VE3DEdY0-9c/s1600/NPWP+stan+pajak.jpeg" style="margin-top: 110px;" width="283" />

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<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D. NRP (Nomor Register Perusahaan) atau TDP (Tanda Daftar Perusahaan)</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="background: #444444; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">   Berdasarkan
Undang-undang Nomor 3 Tahun 1982 tentang wajib daftar perusahaan, maka
perusahaan diwajibkan mendaftarkan ke kantor pendaftaran perusahaan, yaitu di
Kantor Departemen Perdagangan setempat. NRP (Nomor Register Perusahaan) disebut
juga TDP. NRP/TDP wajib dipasang di tempat yang mudah dilihat oleh umum. Nomor
NRP/TDP wajib dicantumkan pada papan nama perusahaan dan dokumen-dokumen yang
dipergunakan dalam kegiatan usaha.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk nomor registrasi perusahaan" class="irc_mi iH7kfsdakRz8-pQOPx8XEepE" height="398" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSTuGyor-6OkJsQNuK1i-HVSb7suRdmuF0hJ4DcCBe6ox5bDY_-E10euCqFam4d3YSruuv-J8gML48FLaCixgniO_dD52NaInbby80Eifn53OpRvqWxgerYARJvOti9AFtq81KP2uExeqI/s1600/TDP.jpg" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="260" /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Firma</span></b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Firma adalah suatu bentuk
persekutuan bisnis yang terdiri dari dua orang atau lebih dengan nama bersama
yang tanggung jawabnya terbagi rata tidak terbatas pada setiap pemiliknya.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<i><u>Ciri dan sifat Firma :</u></i></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Apabila terdapat hutang tak
terbayar, maka setiap pemilik wajib melunasi dengan harta pribadi.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Setiap anggota firma memiliki hak
untuk menjadi pemimpin</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Seorang anggota tidak berhak
memasukkan anggota baru tanpa seizin anggota yang lainnya.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">keanggotaan firma melekat dan
berlaku seumur hidup</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">seorang anggota mempunyai hak untuk
membubarkan firma</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pendiriannya tidak memelukan akte
pendirian</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mudah memperoleh kredit usaha</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b. Persekutuan Komanditer / CV /
Commanditaire Vennotschaap</span></b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
CV adalah suatu bentuk badan usaha bisnis yang didirikan dan dimiliki oleh dua
orang atau lebih untuk mencapai tujuan bersama dengan tingkat keterlibatan yang
berbeda-beda di antara anggotanya. Satu pihak dalam CV mengelola usaha secara
aktif yang melibatkan harta pribadi dan pihak lainnya hanya menyertakan modal
saja tanpa harus melibatkan harta pribadi ketika krisis finansial. Yang aktif
mengurus perusahaan cv disebut sekutu aktif, dan yang hanya menyetor modal
disebut sekutu pasif.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<i><u>Ciri dan sifat CV :  </u></i></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sulit untuk menarik modal yang telah
disetor</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">modal besar karena didirikan banyak
pihak</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mudah mendapatkan kridit pinjaman</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ada anggota aktif yang memiliki
tanggung jawab tidak terbatas dan ada yang pasif tinggal menunggu keuntungan</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">relatif mudah untuk didirikan</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kelangsungan hidup perusahaan cv
tidak menentu</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk contoh firma" class="irc_mi iizILrXmdPeE-pQOPx8XEepE" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRFZ_otF2-4dP7j3RqTsZvRKU1ArgCkKW-qog5kB3saRGIQrSauBCFKIwiiqigrB9xlUweYoqr4P4f4ZA5LNp62IGLXkxo70VveZyKzhIOWkAzjpttuw2Jngc2Dkpz-eEfnUcncEXbJ3Y/s1600/CV.-PPM.jpg" style="margin-top: 51px;" width="300" /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perseroan Terbatas / PT / Korporasi / Korporat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Perseroan terbatas adalah organisasi
bisnis yang memiliki badan hukum resmi yang dimiliki oleh minimal dua orang
dengan tanggung jawab yang hanya berlaku pada perusahaan tanpa melibatkan harta
pribadi atau perseorangan yang ada di dalamnya. Di dalam PT pemilik modal tidak
harus memimpin perusahaan, karena dapat menunjuk orang lain di luar pemilik
modal untuk menjadi pimpinan. Untuk mendirikan PT / persoroan terbatas
dibutuhkan sejumlah modal minimal dalam jumlah tertentu dan berbagai
persyaratan lainnya.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<i><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ciri dan sifat PT :  </span></u></i><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kewajiban terbatas pada modal tanpa
melibatkan harta pribadi</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">modal dan ukuran perusahaan besar</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kelangsungan hidup perusahaan pt ada
di tangan pemilik saham</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">dapat dipimpin oleh orang yang tidak
memiliki bagian saham</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kepemilikan mudah berpindah tangan</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mudah mencari tenaga kerja untuk
karyawan / pegawai</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">keuntungan dibagikan kepada pemilik
modal / saham dalam bentuk dividen</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kekuatan dewan direksi lebih besar
daripada kekuatan pemegang saham</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sulit untuk membubarkan pt</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pajak berganda pada pajak
penghasilan / pph dan pajak deviden</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk contoh firma" class="irc_mi iizILrXmdPeE-pQOPx8XEepE" height="159" src="https://wiwidtrylestari.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/images.jpeg" style="margin-top: 120px;" width="318" /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d. Perseorangan atau Individu<br />
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Perusahaan perseorangan adalah badan usaha kepemilikannya dimiliki oleh satu
orang. Individu dapat membuat badan usaha perseorangan tanpa izin dan tata cara
tententu. Semua orang bebas membuat bisnis personal tanpa adanya batasan untuk
mendirikannya. Pada umumnya perusahaan perseorangan bermodal kecil, terbatasnya
jenis serta jumlah produksi, memiliki tenaga kerja / buruh yang sedikit dan penggunaan
alat produksi teknologi sederhana. Contoh perusahaan perseorangan seperti toko
kelontong, tukang bakso keliling, pedagang asongan, dan lain sebagainya.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<i><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ciri dan sifat perusahaan
perseorangan :</span></u></i><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">relatif mudah didirikan dan juga
dibubarkan</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">tanggung jawab tidak terbatas dan
bisa melibatkan harta pribadi</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">tidak ada pajak, yang ada adalah
pungutan dan retribusi</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">seluruh keuntungan dinikmati sendiri</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sulit mengatur roda perusahaan
karena diatur sendiri</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">keuntungan yang kecil yang terkadang
harus mengorbankan penghasilan yang lebih besar</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">jangka waktu badan usaha tidak
terbatas atau seumur hidup</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sewaktu-waktu dapat dipindah
tangankan</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span></span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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 <img alt="Hasil gambar untuk purikarya properti" class="irc_mut iizILrXmdPeE-HwpH6ZlgJaI" height="150" 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" 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SIUP, SITU, NPWP, NRP atau TDP. beserta contoh gambar

A. SIUP (Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan) SIUP adalah surat izin yg diberikan oleh menteri atau pejabat yang ditunjuk kepada pengusaha u...

Baca selengkapnya »

10.03

kliping peran komnas HAM

<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 15.4pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">BAB I</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 15.4pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pendahuluan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">A.</span></b><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Latar Belakang</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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            Setiap
orang mempunyai hak untuk menikmati kehidupannya serta tumbuh dan berkembang
dalam berbagai kehidupannya yang aman, tenteram, damai dan sejahtera. Oleh
karena itulah manusia sebagai ciptaan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dikaruniai
seperangkat hak yang melekat kepadanya yang wajib dihormati, dijunjung tinggi
dan dilindungi oleh negara, hukum, Pemerintah dan setiap orang demi untuk
penghormatan dan perlindungan harkat dan martabatnya sebagai seorang manusia.</div>
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            Akan
tetapi, pada kenyataannya sejarah bangsa Indonesia telah mencatat berbagai
penderitaan, kesengsaraan dan kesenjangan sosial, yang disebabkan oleh perilaku
tidak adil dan diskriminatif atas dasar etnik, ras, warna kulit, budaya,
bahasa, agama, golongan, jenis kelamin, dan status sosial lainnya. Perilaku
tidak adil dan diskriminatif tersebut merupakan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia
baik yang bersifat vertikal (dilakukan oleh negara terhadap warga negara)
maupun horizontal (dilakukan oleh antar warga negara), dan bahkan sebagian
pelanggaran hak asasi manusia tersebut masuk dalam kategori pelanggaran hak
asasi manusia yang berat (gross violation of human rights).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">B.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">    </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Rumusan Masalah</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Apa
Definisi dan bagaimana Pembagian HAM?</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Bagaimana Sejarah
Pembentukan Komnas HAM ?</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Apa Tujuan, Visi dan Misi,
serta Landasan Hukum Komnas HAM?</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">   
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Apa
Tugas, Fungsi, dan Kewenangan Komnas HAM berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 39
Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia?</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">   
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Apa
Fungsi Komnas HAM berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang
Pengadilan HAM?</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Apa
Kendala Penanganan Pelanggaran HAM Yang Berat?</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">C.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">   </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tujuan</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tujuan dari pembuatan makalah ini adalah
untuk mengetahui secara mendalam mengenai:</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Definisi
dan Pembagian HAM</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Sejarah Pembentukan Komnas
HAM</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tujuan, Visi dan Misi,
serta Landasan Hukum Komnas HAM</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">   
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tugas,
Fungsi, dan Kewenangan Komnas HAM berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999
tentang Hak Asasi Manusia</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">   
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Fungsi
Komnas HAM berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan HAM</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Kendala
Penanganan Pelanggaran HAM Yang Berat</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.75pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">D.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">   </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Ruang Lingkup</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pembahasan dalam makalah ialah mengenai HAM
dan Komnas HAM di Indonesia</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 39.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">E.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">    </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH</span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">          </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Selama hampir 66 tahun usia
bangsa Indonesia, pelaksanaan pemajuan, perlindungan, penegakan dan pemenuhan
hak asasi manusia masih jauh dari harapan. Hal ini tercermin dari berbagai
kejadian antara lain berupa penangkapan yang tidak sah, penculikan,
penganiayaan, perkosaan, pembunuhan, pembakaran dan lain sebagainya.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 39.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 15.4pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">BAB II</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 15.4pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 20.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pembahasan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 30.85pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.75pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; mso-outline-level: 1; text-indent: -24.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Century; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Century; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">Definisi dan
Pembagian Hak asasi manusia</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
HAM / Hak Asasi Manusia adalah hak yang melekat pada diri
setiap manusia sejak awal dilahirkan yang berlaku seumur hidup dan tidak dapat
diganggu gugat siapa pun. Sebagai warga negara yang baik kita mesti menjunjung
tinggi nilai hak asasi manusia tanpa membeda-bedakan status, golongan,
keturunan, jabatan, dan lain sebagainya.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Melanggar HAM seseorang bertentangan dengan hukum yang
berlaku di Indonesia. Hak asasi manusia memiliki wadah organisasi yang mengurus
permasalahan seputar hak asasi manusia yaitu Komnas HAM. Kasus pelanggaran ham
di Indonesia memang masih banyak yang belum terselesaikan / tuntas sehingga
diharapkan perkembangan dunia ham di Indonesia dapat terwujud ke arah yang
lebih baik.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pembagian Bidang, Jenis dan Macam Hak Asasi
Manusia Dunia :</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">1. Hak
asasi pribadi / personal Right</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"><br />
</span></i>- Hak kebebasan untuk bergerak, bepergian dan berpindah-pndah tempat<br />
- Hak kebebasan mengeluarkan atau menyatakan pendapat<br />
- Hak kebebasan memilih dan aktif di organisasi atau perkumpulan<br />
- Hak kebebasan untuk memilih, memeluk, dan menjalankan agama dan kepercayaan
yang diyakini masing-masing</div>
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<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">2.
Hak asasi politik / Political Right</span></i></div>
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-
Hak untuk memilih dan dipilih dalam suatu pemilihan<br />
- hak ikut serta dalam kegiatan pemerintahan<br />
- Hak membuat dan mendirikan parpol / partai politik dan organisasi politik
lainnya<br />
- Hak untuk membuat dan mengajukan suatu usulan petisi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">3.
Hak azasi hukum / Legal Equality Right</span></i></div>
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-
Hak mendapatkan perlakuan yang sama dalam hukum dan pemerintahan<br />
- Hak untuk menjadi pegawai negeri sipil / pns<br />
- Hak mendapat layanan dan perlindungan hukum<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">4.
Hak azasi Ekonomi / Property Rigths</span></i></div>
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- Hak kebebasan melakukan
kegiatan jual beli<br />
- Hak kebebasan mengadakan perjanjian kontrak<br />
- Hak kebebasan menyelenggarakan sewa-menyewa, hutang-piutang, dll<br />
- Hak kebebasan untuk memiliki susuatu<br />
- Hak memiliki dan mendapatkan pekerjaan yang layak</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">5.
Hak Asasi Peradilan / Procedural Rights</span></i></div>
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- Hak mendapat pembelaan hukum di
pengadilan<br />
- Hak persamaan atas perlakuan penggeledahan, penangkapan, penahanan dan
penyelidikan di mata hukum.</div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">6.
Hak asasi sosial budaya / Social Culture Right</span></div>
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<br />
- Hak menentukan, memilih dan mendapatkan pendidikan<br />
- Hak mendapatkan pengajaran<br />
- Hak untuk mengembangkan budaya yang sesuai dengan bakat dan minat</div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">B.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Sejarah
Pembentukan Komnas HAM</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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            Komisi
Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia (Komnas HAM) dibentuk pada tanggal 7 Juni 1993
berdasarkan Keputusan Presiden Nomor 50 tahun 1993 tentang Komisi Nasional Hak
Asasi Manusia. Keputusan Presiden tersebut lahir menindaklanjuti hasil
rekomendasi Lokakarya tentang Hak Asasi Manusia yang diprakarsai oleh
Departemen Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia dan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, yang
diselenggarakan pada tanggal 22 Januari 1991 di Jakarta.</div>
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<br /></div>
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            Dalam
perkembangannya, sejarah bangsa Indonesia terus mencatat berbagai bentuk
penderitaan, kesengsaraan dan kesenjangan sosial yang disebabkan antara lain
oleh warisan konsepsi tradisional tentang hubungan feodalistik dan patriarkal
antara pemerintah dengan rakyat, belum konsistennya penjabaran sistem dan
aparatur penegak hukum dengan norma-norma yang diletakkan para pendiri negara
dalam UUD 1945, belum tersosialisasikannya secara luas dan komprehensif
instrumen hak asasi manusia, dan belum kukuhnya masyarakat warga (civil society).
Ringkasnya, masih didapati adanya kondisi yang belum cukup kondusif untuk
perlindungan dan pemajuan hak asasi manusia. Sebagai akibatnya, maka telah
menimbulkan berbagai perilaku yang tidak adil dan diskriminatif.</div>
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<br /></div>
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            Menyikapi
adanya berbagai bentuk pelanggaran hak asasi manusia tersebut diatas, maka guna
menghindari jatuhnya korban pelanggaran HAM yang lebih banyak dan untuk
menciptakan kondisi yang kondusif, maka Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat telah
mengeluarkan Ketetapan MPR Nomor XVII/MPR/1998. Dalam Ketetapan tersebut
disebutkan, antara lain menugasi lembaga-lembaga tinggi negara dan seluruh
aparatur pemerintah untuk menghormati, menegakkan dan menyebarluaskan pemahaman
mengenai hak asasi manusia kepada seluruh masyarakat. Selain itu, dalam
Ketetapan tersebut juga disebutkan bahwa pelaksanaan penyuluhan, pengkajian,
pemantauan, penelitian dan mediasi tentang hak asasi manusia dilakukan oleh
suatu Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia yang ditetapkan dengan Undang-undang.</div>
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<br /></div>
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            Menindaklanjuti
amanat Ketetapan MPR tersebut, maka pada tanggal 23 September 1999 telah
disahkan Undang-undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Dalam
Undang-undang tersebut selain mengatur mengenai hak asasi manusia, juga
mengenai kelembagaan Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">C.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tujuan,
Visi dan Misi, serta Landasan Hukum Komnas HAM</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tujuan Komnas HAM</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">        
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Mengembangkan
kondisi yang kondusif bagi pelaksanaan hak asasi manusia sesuai dengan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancasila" title="Pancasila"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Pancasila</span></a><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">,</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/UUD_1945" title="UUD 1945"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">UUD 1945</span></a><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">, dan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piagam_PBB" title="Piagam PBB"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Piagam PBB</span></a><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">serta Deklarasi Universal
Hak Asasi Manusia</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">        
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Meningkatkan
perlindungan dan penegakan hak asasi manusia guna berkembangnya pribadi manusia
Indonesia seutuhnya dan kemampuannya berpartisipasi dalam berbagai bidang
kehidupan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Visi dan Misi Komnas HAM</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3.25pt;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Visi</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">: Terwujudnya Perlindungan
dan Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia bagi Semua</span></div>
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<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Misi</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Meningkatkan kinerja Komnas
HAM menjadi lembaga yang profesional, berwibawa, dan dipercaya oleh masyarakat
di tingkat lokal, nasional, dan internasional.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Menciptakan kondisi yang
kondusif bagi terwujudnya perlindungan dan penegakan HAM guna berkembangnya
pribadi manusia Indonesia seutuhnya dalam masyarakat yang terintegrasi agar
mampu berpartisipasi di berbagai bidang kehidupan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Mengembangkan jaringan
kerja sama dengan pemegang kepentingan (stakeholders)bagi perlindungan dan
penegakan HAM.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Landasan Hukum Komnas HAM</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">    </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Dalam melaksanakan fungsi,
tugas, dan wewenang guna mencapai tujuannya Komnas HAM menggunakan sebagai
acuan instrumen-instrumen yang berkaitan dengan HAM, baik nasional maupun
Internasional.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">·</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">      </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Instrumen nasional:</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">1.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">UUD 1945 beserta
amendemennya;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">2.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tap MPR No. XVII/MPR/1998;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">3.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">UU No 39 Tahun 1999;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">4.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">UU No 26 tahun 2000;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">5.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Peraturan
perundang-undangan nasional lain yang terkait.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">·</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">      </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Instrumen Internasional:</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">1.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Piagam PBB, 1945;</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">2.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Deklarasi Universal HAM
1948;</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">3.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">  </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Instrumen internasional
lain mengenai HAM yang telah disahkan dan diterima oleh Indonesia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 13.5pt; mso-outline-level: 2; page-break-after: avoid; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">D.</span></b><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"> TUGAS, FUNGSI,
DAN KEWENANGAN KOMNAS HAM</span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">BERDASARKAN UU</span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">NOMOR 39 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG HAK ASASI MANUSIA</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">SESUAI DENGAN AMANAT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 39 TAHUN
1999 TENTANG HAK ASASI MANUSIA, KOMNAS HAM MEMPUNYAI FUNGSI PENGKAJIAN DAN
PENELITIAN, PENYULUHAN, PEMANTAUAN, SERTA MEDIASI.</span></i><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;">UNTUK MELAKSANAKAN FUNGSI KOMNAS HAM DALAM PENGKAJIAN
DAN PENELITIAN, KOMNAS HAM BERTUGAS DAN BERWENANG MELAKUKAN :</span></i><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-transform: uppercase;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pengkajian dan penelitian
berbagai instrumen internasional hak asasi manusia dengan tujuan memberikan
saran-saran mengenai kemungkinan aksesi dan atau ratifikasi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pengkajian dan penelitian
berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan untuk memberikan rekomendasi mengenai
pembentukan, perubahan, dan pencabutan peraturan perundang-undangan yang
berkaitan dengan hak asasi manusia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Penerbitan hasil pengkajian
dan penelitian.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Studi kepustakaan, studi
lapangan dan studi banding di negara lain mengenai hak asasi manusia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pembahasan berbagai masalah
yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan, penegakan, dan pemajuan hak asasi manusia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Kerjasama
pengkajian dan penelitian dengan organisasi, lembaga atau pihak lainnya, baik
tingkat nasional, regional, maupun internasional dalam bidang hak asasi
manusia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Untuk melaksanakan fungsi Komnas HAM dalam
penyuluhan, Komnas HAM bertugas dan berwenang melakukan :</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Penyebarluasan wawasan
mengenai hak asasi manusia kepada masyarakat Indonesia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Upaya peningkatan kesadaran
masyarakat tentang hak asasi manusia melalui lembaga pendidikan formal dan
nonformal serta berbagai kalangan lainnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">   
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Kerjasama
dengan organisasi, lembaga atau pihak lainnya, baik di tingkat nasional,
regional, maupun internasional dalam bidang hak asasi manusia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Untuk melaksanakan fungsi Komnas HAM dalam
pemantauan, Komnas HAM bertugas dan berwenang melakukan :</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pengamatan pelaksanaan hak
asasi manusia dan penyusunan laporan hasil pengamatan tersebut.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Penyelidikan dan
pemeriksaan terhadap peristiwa yang timbul dalam masyarakat berdasarkan sifat
atau lingkupnya patut diduga terdapat pelanggaran hak asasi manusia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pemanggilan kepada pihak
pengadu atau korban maupun pihak yang diadukan untuk dimintai dan didengar
keterangannya.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pemanggilan saksi untuk
diminta dan didengar kesaksiannya, dan kepada saksi pengadu diminta menyerahkan
bukti yang diperlukan.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Peninjauan di tempat
kejadian dan tempat lainnya yang dianggap perlu.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pemanggilan terhadap pihak
terkait untuk memberikan keterangan secara tertulis atau menyerahkan dokumen
yang diperlukan sesuai dengan aslinya dengan persetujuan Ketua Pengadilan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">g)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pemeriksaan setempat
terhadap rumah, pekarangan, bangunan, dan tempat-tempat lainnya yang diduduki
atau dimiliki pihak tertentu dengan persetujuan Ketua Pengadilan.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">h)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">   
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pemberian
pendapat berdasarkan persetujuan Ketua Pengadilan terhadap perkara tertentu
yang sedang dalam proses peradilan, bilamana dalam perkara tersebut terdapat
pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dalam masalah publik dan acara pemeriksaan oleh
pengadilan yang kemudian pendapat Komnas HAM tersebut wajib diberitahukan oleh
hakim kepada para pihak.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Selanjutnya dalam melaksanakan fungsi Komnas
HAM dalam mediasi, Komnas HAM bertugas dan berwenang :</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 15.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Mengadakan perdamaian antar
pihak-pihak yang bertikai.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Menyelesaikan perkara
melalui konsultasi, negosiasi, mediasi, konsiliasi, dan penilaian ahli.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Memberi saran kepada para
pihak untuk menyelesaikan sengketa melalui pengadilan.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Menyampaikan rekomendasi
atas suatu kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia kepada pemerintah untuk
ditindaklanjuti penyelesaiannya.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">   
</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Menyampaikan
rekomendasi atas suatu kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia kepada Dewan
Perwakilan Rakyat untuk ditindaklanjuti.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">1.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">     </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Prosedur Penanganan
Pengaduan</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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            Pengaduan
berbagai kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang disampaikan oleh masyarakat
baik yang datang secara langsung ke Komnas HAM maupun melalui surat, ditangani
oleh Komnas HAM sesuai dengan fungsi pemantauan maupun mediasi.  Pengaduan
terhadap adanya pelanggaran ini dapat dilakukan baik secara langsung bertatap
muka dengan Komnas HAM maupun secara tidak langsung melalui surat.</div>
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<br /></div>
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            Seluruh
pengaduan yang diterima dianalisis secara intensif sesuai dengan ketentuan
peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Berdasar analisis tersebut diambil
tindak lanjut yang diperlukan, baik dengan meneruskan pengaduan tersebut kepada
instansi pemerintah yang bersangkutan; mengadakan peninjauan lapangan untuk
memperoleh fakta lanjutan; menyarankan diadakannya mediasi, atau, jika diduga
ada pelanggaran HAM yang berat, mengusulkan pembentukan tim ad hoc penyelidikan
berdasar Undang-undang No 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia.</div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">2.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">     </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Keterbatasan Komnas HAM</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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            Besarnya
harapan masyarakat terhadap Komnas HAM yang menganggap bahwa Komnas HAM sebagai
lembaga yang super body  sehingga diartikan bahwa Komnas HAM
sebagai lembaga Harapan Akhir Masyarakat, yang dianggap dapat
menyelesaikan semua permasalahan masyarakat, hal ini telah menjadi beban yang
sangat berat bagi Komnas HAM dalam menjalankan amanat tersebut.</div>
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            Besarnya
harapan masyarakat khususnya masyarakat korban tersebut ternyata tidak
diimbangi dengan kewenangan yang ada atau yang diberikan kepada Komnas HAM,
sehingga masyarakat kecewa dengan kinerja Komnas HAM karena ternyata Komnas HAM
tidak dapat memenuhi harapan masyarakat.</div>
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            Mengingat
bahwa rekomendasi Komnas HAM hanyalah bersifat morally binding, sehingga
tidak ada kewajiban hukum bagi para pihak yang menerima rekomendasi Komnas HAM
untuk menindaklanjuti. Hal inilah yang mengakibatkan banyaknya pengaduan ke
Komnas HAM tidak dapat tertangani dengan baik.</div>
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            Untuk
itu, Komnas HAM perlu diberikan kewenangan yang lebih melalui perubahan
undang-undang yang ada, sehingga dapat menjalankan mandatnya dengan lebih baik
sesuai dengan harapan masyarakat.</div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">E.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Fungsi
Komnas HAM berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan HAM</span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">1.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">        </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Latar belakang kelahiran
Pengadilan HAM</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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            Selain
beberapa fungsi yang disebutkan diatas, berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 26
Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan HAM, Komnas HAM mempunyai fungsi sebagai
satu-satunya lembaga yang berwenang untuk melakukan penyelidikan terhadap
pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang berat.</div>
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            Pelanggaran
hak asasi manusia yang berat merupakan extra ordinary crimes, sehingga
tidak bisa diselesaikan dengan menggunakan perangkat hukum yang ada yang
mengatur mengenai ordinary crimes. Dengan kata lain bahwa pelanggaran hak asasi
manusia yang berat tidak dapat diselesaikan melalui pengadilan umum. Untuk itu,
guna menyelesaikan masalah pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang berat perlu
dibentuk Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia.</div>
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            Untuk
merealisasikan terwujudnya Pengadilan HAM tersebut, maka pemerintah telah
mengeluarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan HAM.
Pembentukan Undang-Undang Pengadilan HAM tersebut merupakan penjabaran lebih
lanjut dari pasal 104 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak
Asasi Manusia yang berbunyi “Untuk mengadili pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang
berat dibentuk Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia di lingkungan Peradilan Umum”.</div>
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            Sebenarnya
Undang-Undang Nomor 26 tahun 2000 tersebut merupakan penyempurnaan dari
Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-undang Nomor 1 tahun 1999 tentang
Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia yang telah dicabut oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat
karena peraturan tersebut dinilai tidak memadai dan masih ditemui adanya
beberapa kelemahan, sehingga dicabut dan digantikan dengan Undang-undang nomor
26 Tahun 2000.</div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">2.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">        </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Yurisdiksi Pengadilan HAM</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Pengadilan HAM bertugas dan berwenang
memeriksa dan memutus perkara pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang berat meliputi
:</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">1.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">     </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span>Kejahatan
Genosida. Kejahatan genosida adalah setiap perbuatan yang dilakukan dengan
maksud untuk menghancurkan atau memusnahkan seluruh atau sebagian kelompok
bangsa, ras, kelompok etnis, kelompok agama dengan cara :membunuh anggota
kelompok; mengakibatkan penderitaan fisik atau mental yang berat terhadap
anggota-anggota kelompok; menciptakan kondisi kehidupan kelompok yang akan
mengakibatkan kemusnahan secara fisik baik seluruh atau sebagiannya; memaksakan
tindakan-tindakan yang bertujuan mencegah kelahiran di dalam kelompok; atau
memindahkan secara paksa anak-anak dari kelompok tertentu ke kelompok lain.</div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">2.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">     </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span>Kejahatan
Terhadap Kemanusiaan. Kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan adalah salah satu
perbuatan yang dilakukan sebagai bagian dari serangan yang meluas (widespread)
atau sistematik yang diketahuinya bahwa serangan  tersebut ditujukan
secara langsung terhadap penduduk sipil berupa : pembunuhan; pemusnahan;
perbudakan; pengusiran atau pemindahan penduduk secara paksa; perampasan
kemerdekaan atau perampasan kebebasan fisik lain secara sewenang-wenang yang
melanggar asas-asas ketentuan pokok hukum internasional; penyiksaan; perkosaan,
perbudakan seksual, pelacuran secara paksa, pemaksaan kehamilan, pemandulan
atau sterilisasi secara paksa atau bentuk-bentuk kekerasan seksual lain yang
setara; penganiayaan terhadap suatu kelompok tertentu atau perkumpulan yang
didasari persamaan paham politik, ras, kebangsaan, etnis, budaya, agama, jenis
kelamin atau alasan lain yang telah diakui secara universal sebagai hal yang
dilarang menurut hukum internasional; penghilangan orang secara paksa; atau
kejahatan apartheid.<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">F.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Kendala
Penanganan Pelanggaran HAM Yang Berat.</span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></b></div>
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            Keefektifan
dan kelancaran proses penyelidikan pelanggaran HAM yang berat sering mengalami
kendala karena permasalahan yang terdapat dalam Undang-undang Nomor 26 Tahun
2000. Kendala-kendala atau permasalahan yang menghambat kelancaran proses
penyelidikan tersebut, antara lain :</div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">1.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">        </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Ketiadaan Hukum Acara
Khusus.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">2.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">        </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Ketiadaan Ketentuan yang
Mengatur Prosedur Penyelesaian Perbedaan Pendapat antara Penyelidik dan
Penyidik.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">3.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">        </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Ketiadaan Ketentuan tentang
Prosedur Pengusulan Pembentukan Pengadilan HAM Ad Hoc.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">4.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">        </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Ketiadaan Kewenangan
Penyelidik untuk Melakukan Pemanggilan Paksa (Sub poena).</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">5.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">        </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Tidak Memadainya
Perlindungan Korban dan Saksi.</span></div>
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III</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Penutup</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">A.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">         </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Kesimpulan</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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        Komisi
nasional hak asasi manusia atau komnas ham adalah sebuah lembaga mandiri di indonesia yang
kedudukannya setingkat dengan lembaga negara lainnya dengan fungsi melaksanakan
kajian, penelitian, penyuluhan, pemantauan, investigasi, dan mediasi terhadap
persoalan-persoalan hak asasi manusia. Sesuai dengan amanat undang-undang
nomor 39 tahun 1999 tentang hak asasi manusia, komnas ham mempunyai fungsi
pengkajian dan penelitian, penyuluhan, pemantauan, serta mediasi.</div>
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           Selama
hampir 66 tahun usia bangsa Indonesia, pelaksanaan pemajuan, perlindungan,
penegakan dan pemenuhan hak asasi manusia masih jauh dari harapan. Hal ini
tercermin dari berbagai kejadian antara lain berupa penangkapan yang tidak sah,
penculikan, penganiayaan, perkosaan, pembunuhan, pembakaran dan lain
sebagainya.</div>
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           Guna
membantu masyarakat korban pelanggaran hak asasi manusia untuk memulihkan
hak-haknya, maka dibutuhkan adanya sebuah komisi nasional hak asasi manusia.</div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">B.</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">    </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"> </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Century Schoolbook","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Saran</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">Hendaknya Komnas HAM lebih meningkatkan
integritas dan profesionalitas dalam menangani kasus pelanggaran HAM, demi
ketertiban dan keamanan masyarakat.</span></div>
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<h2 style="background: white; line-height: 24.75pt; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt;">
<strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">1. Bob Sadino</span></strong></h2>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYReRw0iHFrO4D-k6tBvEVX3pByKHW65Y7cfq83c5h6Ij3yPBug-eGr2K72qM5t4ptLKf7mkclamwgfuktZALnWEmlXPD5sos8vo9K-Du1UEbWh1X4GVuaoO58rSVjN30riXas1cDTnlby/s1600/Wejangan+Alm.+Bob+Sadino_2015-02-02+14-45-54_bob-sadino-r1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYReRw0iHFrO4D-k6tBvEVX3pByKHW65Y7cfq83c5h6Ij3yPBug-eGr2K72qM5t4ptLKf7mkclamwgfuktZALnWEmlXPD5sos8vo9K-Du1UEbWh1X4GVuaoO58rSVjN30riXas1cDTnlby/s400/Wejangan+Alm.+Bob+Sadino_2015-02-02+14-45-54_bob-sadino-r1.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Bob Sadino via kopipait.web.id</span></div>
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Terlahir di Lampung, 9 Maret 1939, mendiang pengusaha dengan
nama lengkap Bambang Mustari Sadino ini termasuk salah satu pengusaha sukses
yang sempat mengalami jatuh-bangun sebelum akhirnya menorehkan kesuksesan
besar. Setelah sekitar sembilan tahun menjadi pegawai, Bob memutuskan
untuk berhenti dan banting setir menjadi pengusaha. Usaha pertama yang
dirintisnya adalah bisnis penyewaan mobil, dengan hanya bermodalkan satu mobil
Mercedes dan ia supiri sendiri.</div>
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Namun karena musibah kecelakaan yang menimpanya saat
mengemudikan mobil yang disewakannya itu, bisnis itupun berhenti di tengah
jalan. Tidak putus semangat, ia kemudian beralih profesi sebagai buruh bangunan
yang dibayar dengan upah harian. Saat menjadi kuli tersebut, ia melihat adanya
peluang bisnis yang lain, bisnis ternak ayam dan telur ayam negeri. Dengan
modal pinjaman tetangganya, akhirnya Bob mulai menjalankan bisnis tersebut.
Awalnya, Bob menawarkan sendiri dagangannya dari rumah ke rumah di wilayah
sekitar tempat tinggalnya, terutama kepada para ekspatriat, di bilangan Kemang,
Jakarta Selatan.  Bisnis telurnya tersebut akhirnya berbuah manis dan ia
mengembangkan sayap dengan menjual daging dan sayuran hidoponik. Berkat
keuletannya, bisnis tersebut sukses dan ia pun mendirikan Kem-Chicks, supermarket
ternama yang menjual berbagai macam produk peternakan dan pertanian. Meski
sudah sukses, ia tetap tampil sederhana dan kerap kali melayani sendiri para
pelanggannya seperti keluarganya sendiri.</div>
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<strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">2. Susi Pudjiastuti</span></strong></h2>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Susi Pudjiastuti via wordpress.com</span></div>
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Perempuan kelahiran 1965 yang sekarang menjabat sebagai
Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan RI di bawah Presiden Jokowi ini adalah seorang
pengusaha yang terkenal tegas. Ia merintis bisnisnya di bidang perikanan dan
kemudian maskapai penerbangan dari nol. Setelah memilih untuk berhenti sekolah
sebelum lulus SMA, ia memulai usahanya sebagai pedagang pakaian dan bed
cover. Setelah melihat potensi wilayah tempat tinggalnya, Pangandaran, sebagai
penghasil ikan, Susi lantas memanfaatkannya sebagai peluang bisnis dan beralih
ke usaha perikanan. Dengan modal hanya Rp750 ribu hasil dari menjual
perhiasannya, ia mulai membeli ikan dari tempat pelelangan dan memasarkannya ke
sejumlah restoran. Setelah sempat tersendat, bisnis Susi akhirnya berhasil
menguasai bursa pelelangan ikan di Pangandaran dan bahkan kemudian merambah ke
ekspor ikan dan lobster.</div>
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Bisnis maskapai penerbangannya juga berawal dari bisnis
perikanan tersebut. Untuk mengatasi masalah pengiriman ikan yang lambat apabila
lewat darat atau laut, Susi membeli sebuah pesawat dari pinjaman bank untuk
pengangkutan produk lautnya, yang kemudian berkembang menjadi armada maskapai
penerbangan Susi Air yang melayani rute pedalaman dan carter.</div>
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<strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">3. Reza Nurhilman</span></strong></h2>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Reza Nurhilman via blogspot.com</span></div>
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Bagi yang belum mengenal nama ini, mungkin Anda lebih
mengenal “kripik setan” Maicih. Ya, Reza Nurhilman adalah nama pemuda yang
berada di belakang produk keripik singkong ekstra pedas yang populer itu. Reza
memulai bisnis keripik singkong ini pada pertengahan 2010 seorang diri saat
berusia 23 tahun dengan modal awal 15 juta rupiah. Untuk bisnisnya ini, ia
menggandeng satu produsen keripik lokal di Bandung.</div>
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Reza mengawali bisnisnya ini dengan melakukan pemasaran
sederhana, yakni melalui platform media sosial, Twitter, sebelum mengembangkan
sayap dengan menerapkan sistem keagenan yang menggunakan istilah Jenderal agar
produknya bisa menggapai konsumen yang lebih luas. Para Jenderal ini memasarkan
produknya dengan cara berkeliling atau nomaden.</div>
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Pemuda kelahiran Bandung 28 tahun yang lalu ini mengaku
kunci kesuksesannya terletak pada cara berpikirnya yang out of the box,
yaitu dengan tidak membuka toko seperti kebanyakan penjual sehingga membuat
produknya eksklusif.  Melalui Twitter, para jenderal memberitahu informasi
lokasi penjualan setiap harinya. Cara pemasaran yang cukup unik ini terbukti
berhasil mengangkat nama Maicih di dunia maya. Baru setengah tahun saja, omzet
Maicih bisa mencapai Rp7 miliar per bulan. Angka yang fantastis, bukan?</div>
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